Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle lengthens under tension?

Eccentric contraction refers to the type of muscle contraction that occurs when a muscle lengthens while still under tension. This situation typically happens when a muscle is generating force but is being overcome by an external load or resistance.

For example, when you lower a weight during a bicep curl, your biceps are elongating to control the descent of the weight, and this action exemplifies an eccentric contraction. The muscle fibers are still engaged and working even as they become longer, which is crucial for movements that require control and stability.

This type of contraction is essential in activities that involve deceleration and is often associated with muscle growth and strength gains as it creates significant tension within the muscle. Understanding eccentric contraction is vital for athletic training and rehabilitation, as it helps in developing balanced and functional strength.